i) Indicate where an action or event described by verb takes place.
place/location で object を verb => describe place of action
Examples:
喫茶店でコーヒーを飲みます。(kissaten de koohii wo nomimasu)
I drink coffee at the cafe.
明日こうえんでみちこさんを会います。(ashita kouen de Michiko-san wo aimasu)
I will meet Michiko at the park tomorrow.
にわでほんを読みます。(niwa de hon wo yomimasu)
I will read books in the garden.
ii) to describe the means or method or instrument
means/method/instrument で object を verb => describes by means/method/instrument
Example:
「ありがとう」は英語でThank Youです。("arigatou" wa Eigo de Thank You desu.)
"arigatou" using English language is Thank You.
はしでご飯を食べます。(hashi de gohan wo tabemasu.)
I eat rice with chopsticks.
じてんしゃで駅まで行きました。(jitensha de eki made ikimashita.)
I went to the station by bicycle.
iii) roughly translates into "in", "among" or "within" to describe a scope
scope で description => indicate scope
Example:
このらラーメンは世界で一番美味しいです。(kono raamen wa sekai de ichiban oishii desu.)
This ramen is the most delicious in the world.
学校でジョギングします。(gakkou de jogingu shimasu.)
I will go jogging within the school.
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